Explanation : Dialogic method involves verbal exchange
between the teacher and the taught. So,
problem solving method, interactive
presentation and tutorials are dialogic.
Explanation : Post-positivism was devised as a hybrid of
positivism and interpretivism, focussing
on researching issues in the context of
experiences of the majority and declaring
the opinion of the majority as their result.
Phenomenology focuses on experiences,
events and occurrences with disregard or
minimum regard fur the external and physical
reality; Ethnography is the scientific
description of a particular human society,
its peoples and cultures, with their customs,
practices and diversities through participatory,
analytical and comparative field studies; and
Action Research is a method of systematic
enquiry by teachers/researchers into their
own practice so as to identify problems and
implement corrective measures.
Explanation : Defining the objectives of the lesson is the first
step in teaching, which is a planned process
guided by the objectives. So, Assertion
(A) is false. However, clear definition of
objectives is essential to ensure that the
process progresses in the right direction,
so that the students understand the topic as
planned. So, reason(R) is true.
Explanation : The term 'mouse' has been explained/
described as an 'animal' and the second
proposition again uses the same term with
the same explanation/description which
doesn't help the argument. This is a fallacy
of equivocation or using an ambiguous term
in more than one sense, thus, making the
argument misleading.
Straw man fallacy is substituting a person's
actual position or argument with a distorted,
exaggerated, or misrepresented version
of the position or the argument; slippery
slope fallacy occurs when a relatively
insignificant first event is suggested to lead
to a more significant event, which in tum
leads to a more significant event, and so
on, until some ultimate, significant event is
reached, where the connection of each event
is not only unwarranted but with each step it
becomes more and more improbable; fallacy
of composition is inferring that something
is true of the whole from the fact that it is
true of some part of the whole.