This commits a deductive fallacy, formal fallacy, logical fallacy or non sequitur (Latin for "it does not follow"). It is a pattern of reasoning rendered invalid by a flaw in its logical structure -- fallacy wherein the conclusion does not follow from the propositions.
UGC NET Paper1 Previous Year Solved Papers MCQ - 6th December 2019 Morning Shift
Let the number 'k' is cube of number x and square of number (x + y).
Then, k = x3 ... (i)
k = (x + y)2 ... (ii)
Here, 1 ≤ (x,y) < k/2
From (i) and (ii),
x3 = (x + y)2
x3 = x2 + y2 + 2xy
x3 - x2 = y2 + 2xy
x2(x-1) = y(y + 2x)
For x = 2, 22(2 - 1) = y(y + 4)
This is not valid for any integer value of y.
For x = 3, 32(3 - 1) = y(y+ 6)
18 = y(y+ 6)
This is not valid for any integer value of y.
For x = 4, 42(4 - 1) = y(y + 8)
48 = y(y + 8)
48 = 4(4 + 8) = 48
Thus x = 4,and y = 4
Hence, Number k = (x)3 = (4)3 = 64.
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Below are given two sets in which set I species the four behaviour modification techniques while set II indicates their exemplification. Match the two sets
| Set I (Behaviour modification techniques) | Set II(Example) |
|  (A) Positive reinforcement | i. Withdrawal of a pleasant stimulus or application of an aversive stimulus to stop the behaviour |
| Â (B) Negative reinforcement | ii. Painful or aversive stimulus is presented to stop the occurrence of behaviour |
| Â (C) Punishment | iii. The behaviour increases in frequency after the removal of the stimulus |
| Â (D) Extinction | Â iv. The behaviour increases in frequency after the presentation of a stimulus |
Choose your answer from the following options:
Positive reinforcement-The behaviour
increases in frequency after the presentation
of a stimulus
Negative reinforcement-The behaviour
increases in frequency after the removal of
the stimulus
Punishment-Painful or aversive stimulus
is presented to stop the occurrence of
behaviour
Extinction-Withdrawal of a pleasant
stimulus or application of an aversive
stimulus to stop the behaviour
This can be understood in terms of teaching-learning in an educational institution.
In the classroom the teacher is the encoder of messages and the student, the decoder. After the teaching, the encoder/teacher
takes the feedback in the form of students' response-sheets to an assessment exercise/ test. When the encoder takes up the activity of analysing the feedback, i.e., checking! evaluating the responses, the roles of encoder-decoder stand swapped. Here, the students have encoded messages that the teacher has to decode.
Acknowledging the help, support and
guidance availed in course of completing
a research study is not just formality, nor a
required formal process nor a superfluous
act. It is part of ethicality involved in the
research process. Research ethics are the
moral principles that a researcher must
follow in every way in every aspect of the
research undertaken. Following ethical
principles is indeed crucial for maintaining
research integrity.
