In the argument, 'Sound is permanent because
it is a product like the jar'; the probandum
(that is to be proved) 'permanent' is absent
in the subject and so it involves the fallacy
of contradiction (badha) and the probans
(reason/evidence) is called contradicted
probans (badhita).
UGC NET Paper1 Previous Year Solved Papers MCQ - 24th June 2019 Evening Shift
Inductive reasoning is ''bottom up", the chain
of evidence begins with an observation and
then combines it with the strength of previous
observations in order to arrive at a conclusion.
Deductive reasoning is "top-down" and
proceeds from one or more general axioms
and comes to a certain, specific conclusion
using logic alone. If the premises are true
and the logic of the argument is valid, the
conclusion is certainly true.
The term 'semantic' pertains to meaning in
language or logic. Semantic barrier is implied
when meaning is not received
