11. Atmosphere exists because:
The correct answer is:
A — The Gravitational force of the Earth
Earth’s gravity holds the gases of the atmosphere close to its surface, preventing them from drifting off into space.
The correct answer is:
D — Antarctica
Antarctica is a polar desert with an extremely cold and dry climate throughout the year.
13. Laterite soil develop as a result of:
The correct answer is:
C — leaching
Laterite soil develops due to intense leaching, a process where heavy rainfall washes away soluble nutrients from the upper layers of the soil, leaving behind iron and aluminum-rich residues. This happens mainly in tropical regions with high temperatures and heavy rainfall.
14. Which of the following rivers is not a tributory of the Indus?
The correct answer is:
C — Bhagirathi
A. Sutlej — Tributary of the Indus, flows from Tibet into Pakistan.
B. Jhelum — Tributary of the Indus, originates in Jammu & Kashmir.
C. Bhagirathi — Not a tributary of the Indus; it is a headstream of the Ganga in Uttarakhand.
D. Chenab — Tributary of the Indus, formed in Himachal Pradesh.
15. Tides in the oceans are caused by:
A. Gravitational pull of the moon on the earth's surface including sea water
→ Partly correct, as the moon is the main cause of tides, but it ignores the sun’s role.
B. Gravitational pull of the sun on the earth's surface only and not on the sea water
→ Incorrect, because the sun affects sea water too, and tides involve the oceans, not just land.
C. Gravitational pull of the moon and the sun on the earth's surface including the sea water
→ Correct, as both the moon and sun’s gravity influence tides in the oceans.
D. None of these
→ Incorrect, because option C is the correct explanation.
So, C is correct.
