People, Development and Environment MCQ - People, Development and Environment Section 1

61 Given below are two statements, one labeled as Assertion (A) and the other labeled as Reason (R):
Assertion (A) : One of the movements of the surface water of the ocean is known as an ocean current.
Reason (R) : Ocean currents are caused mainly due to planetary winds and the difference in temperature and density of water.
In the context of the above two statements, which one the following is correct?

The assertion is correct because ocean currents are indeed a type of movement of surface water in the oceans. The reason is also correct, as ocean currents are primarily driven by planetary winds (like trade winds and westerlies), as well as differences in water temperature and density. These factors cause water to move in specific directions, forming patterns known as ocean currents.

Option A: Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
Correct. The reason accurately explains why ocean currents occur, directly supporting the assertion.
Option B: Both A and R are true but R is not a correct explanation of A
Incorrect. The reason clearly supports the assertion, so this does not apply.
Option C: A is true but R is false
Incorrect. The reason is factually accurate.
Option D: A is false but R is true
Incorrect. The assertion is also correct.

62 The 23South latitude is known as

The 23½° South latitude is called the Tropic of Capricorn. It marks the southernmost point on Earth where the sun can appear directly overhead at noon, which occurs during the December solstice.

Option A: The Tropic of Cancer
Incorrect. This is located at 23½° North latitude.
Option B: The Tropic of Capricorn
Correct. This is located at 23½° South latitude.
Option C: The Equator
Incorrect. The Equator is at 0° latitude.
Option D: The Prime Meridian
Incorrect. The Prime Meridian is 0° longitude, not latitude.

63 The sky appears blue because

The sky appears blue due to a phenomenon called Rayleigh scattering. Among all visible colors, blue light has a shorter wavelength and is scattered in all directions by the gases and particles in the Earth's atmosphere more effectively than other colors. This scattered blue light is what we see when we look at the sky.

Option A: It is actually blue
Incorrect. The sky itself is not blue in color; it's an optical effect caused by scattering.
Option B: The atmosphere scatters blue light more than the others
Correct. This is the scientific reason behind the blue appearance of the sky.
Option C: All colours interfere to produce blue
Incorrect. Color interference is not the cause here.
Option D: In white light, blue colour dominates
Incorrect. White light contains all visible wavelengths equally; blue does not dominate.

64 At the Equator, the duration of a day is

At the Equator, day and night are almost equal throughout the year due to the Earth's axial tilt being perpendicular to the sun's rays at this latitude. This results in approximately 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of night, regardless of the season.

Option A: 10 hrs
Incorrect. Such short daylight duration occurs in polar regions during certain seasons, not at the Equator.
Option B: 12 hrs
Correct. Day and night are nearly equal at the Equator all year round.
Option C: 14 hrs
Incorrect. This may occur in mid-latitudes during summer, not at the Equator.
Option D: 16 hrs
Incorrect. Such long days happen in high latitudes during summer, not at the Equator.

65 Siachen is

Siachen is a glacier located in the eastern Karakoram range in the Himalayas. It is one of the world’s highest and coldest battlefields and lies near the Line of Control between India and Pakistan. The region is strategically important and has been the site of military conflict and deployment since 1984.

Option A: Limiting the glacier zone between India and Pakistan
Correct. Siachen Glacier is in the contested region between India and Pakistan.
Option B: Limiting the desert zone between India and Pakistan
Incorrect. This refers more to the Thar Desert area, not Siachen.
Option C: Limiting zone between China and Pakistan
Incorrect. This refers more to the region of Gilgit-Baltistan and the Karakoram Highway.
Option D: Limiting zone between India and Myanmar
Incorrect. Siachen is far from the India-Myanmar border.

People, Development and Environment MCQ - People, Development and Environment Section 1

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