People, Development and Environment MCQ - People, Development and Environment Section 1

51 The Hirakud Project is on which of the following rivers?

The Hirakud Project is built on the Mahanadi River in the state of Odisha. It includes one of the longest earthen dams in the world and serves multiple purposes such as irrigation, flood control, and hydroelectric power generation.

Option A: Godavari
Incorrect. The Godavari River hosts other projects like the Polavaram Dam, but not Hirakud.
Option B: Mahanadi
Correct. The Hirakud Dam is constructed on the Mahanadi River.
Option C: Damodar
Incorrect. The Damodar Valley Project is a separate multi-purpose river project in eastern India.
Option D: Kosi
Incorrect. The Kosi River is known for flooding issues in Bihar but is unrelated to the Hirakud Project.

52 The circulation of ocean water occurs

Ocean water circulates both laterally (horizontal movement such as ocean currents) and vertically (vertical movement such as upwelling and downwelling). These movements are driven by factors like wind, salinity, temperature differences, Earth's rotation, and gravitational pull.

Option A: only laterally
Incorrect. Lateral movement does occur, but vertical movement is also significant.
Option B: only vertically
Incorrect. Vertical circulation is important, but lateral currents are a major part of oceanic movement.
Option C: both laterally and vertically
Correct. Ocean circulation involves complex patterns in both directions.
Option D: neither laterally nor vertically
Incorrect. Ocean water circulates actively in both dimensions.

53 During winter, the northern half of India is warmer than areas of similar latitudinal location by 3° to 8° because:

During winter, the Great Himalayas act as a barrier and prevent the cold polar winds from entering northern India. This natural wall blocks the icy winds from Central Asia, keeping much of India, especially the northern plains, warmer than other regions at the same latitude.

Option A: India is essentially a tropical country
Incorrect. This is true in general but does not explain the specific winter temperature difference.
Option B: The surface wind blows in a particular direction in one season
Incorrect. Seasonal winds do affect climate, but this is not the main reason for warmer winters in northern India.
Option C: The Great Himalayas check the penetration of cold polar air into India effectively
Correct. The Himalayas act as a climatic divide and shield the subcontinent from cold northern winds.
Option D: Of winter rains
Incorrect. Winter rains are limited and do not significantly influence overall warmth.

54 Which river is flowing near Ayodhya?

The Saryu River flows near Ayodhya, a city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. The river holds great religious significance in Hindu mythology and is closely associated with the life and legends of Lord Rama.

Option A: Ganga
Incorrect. The Ganga flows through Uttar Pradesh but does not pass directly by Ayodhya.
Option B: Yamuna
Incorrect. The Yamuna flows through cities like Delhi and Agra, not Ayodhya.
Option C: Saryu
Correct. The Saryu River flows along Ayodhya and is considered sacred.
Option D: Krishna
Incorrect. The Krishna River flows in southern India, far from Ayodhya.

55 Match List I and List II and find out the correct answer from the codes given below the Lists:

LIST 1 (Thermal power plants)	LIST 2 (locations)
a) Kahalgaon	1. West Bengal
b) Farakka	2. Bihar
c) Ramagundam	3. Gujarat
d) Gandhar	4. Andhra Pradesh

Each of the thermal power plants is located in a specific state in India:

Kahalgaon – Bihar (2)
Kahalgaon Thermal Power Station is located in the Bhagalpur district of Bihar.
Farakka – West Bengal (1)
Farakka Super Thermal Power Station is in the Murshidabad district of West Bengal.
Ramagundam – Andhra Pradesh (4)
Ramagundam Thermal Power Station is located in Telangana, which was part of Andhra Pradesh before its formation.
Gandhar – Gujarat (3)
Gandhar Thermal Power Station is located in Bharuch district, Gujarat.
Option A: 1 2 3 4
Incorrect. Kahalgaon and Farakka are mismatched.
Option B: 4 3 1 2
Incorrect. All matches are incorrect.
Option C: 2 1 4 3
Correct. All thermal power plants are correctly matched with their locations.
Option D: 3 2 1 4
Incorrect. All the pairings are incorrect.

People, Development and Environment MCQ - People, Development and Environment Section 1

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People, Development and Environment MCQ - People, Development and Environment Section 1

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