Higher Education System - Higher Education Systems Section 2

The Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC) is an individually administered IQ test used to measure a child's intellectual ability. It is widely used by psychologists in clinical settings.

• Option A: WISC – Correct; it is designed for individual administration.

• Option B: Pintner-Cunningham Primary – Group-administered test for primary-level students.

• Option C: Army Alpha – A group intelligence test used during World War I.

• Option D: Kuhlman-Anderson – Another group intelligence test.

Even if students have the same mental age, they may differ in learning styles, motivation, and background knowledge. So, they do not necessarily learn at the same rate.

• Option A: pupils of the same mental age should learn at the same rate – Incorrect; individual differences still exist.

• Option B: group instruction facilitates the learning process – Correct in many classroom environments.

• Option C: learning individual instruction is often required – True, especially for students needing personalized attention.

• Option D: workbooks can be an invaluable learning aid – True; they reinforce learning through practice.

John Dewey believed that education is not a preparation for life but life itself. He emphasized experiential learning and the integration of school with real-life activities.

• Option A: John Dewey – Correct; his progressive views support this idea.

• Option B: Robert Hutchins – Advocated classical education, not experiential.

• Option C: Mortimer Adler – Promoted great books and traditional learning.

• Option D: S. I. Hayakawa – Known more for semantics and communication than educational reform.

Arthur Bestor was a strong proponent of traditional education and opposed progressive educational movements, thus not a radical reformist.

• Option A: Postman – Known for critical views on media and education.

• Option B: Illich – Advocated deschooling and radical changes.

• Option C: Bestor – Correct; supported traditional academic values.

• Option D: Kozol – Advocated educational reform for equity and justice.