Explanation : Just as sign posts on the road orient
you or show you your relative position;
verbal signposts orient the audience/
students as regards the stage reached in
the presentation. Verbal signposts can be
of many kinds. Mini summaries at the end
of a class form one of those kinds.
Explanation : Ad populum fallacy involves concluding
a proposition to be true because many or
all people believe it.
Equivocation fallacy involves using an
ambiguous term which has more than one
sense and hence, may be misinterpreted,
and may mislead.
Ad verecundiam fallacy involves the use
of authority in argument, or authoritative
argument.
Ad ignorantiam fallacy involves assuming
a proposition to be true, simply because it
has not been proved false; or to be false,
simply because it has not been proved true.
Explanation : Paralinguistics are the aspects of spoken
communication that do not involve
linguistics, i.e., the language with its
grammar, syntax, and phonetics. The pitch
of a voice is thus paralinguistic.