People, Development and Environment - People, Development and Environment Section 1
36. Atmospheric pressure exerted on earth is due to:
- Option : C
- Explanation :
Atmospheric pressure is caused by the gravitational pull of the Earth on the air molecules in the atmosphere. Gravity pulls the air toward the surface, and the weight of this air exerts pressure on everything below it, including the ground and oceans.
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Option A: rotation of earth
Incorrect. Earth's rotation affects wind patterns and Coriolis effect but not the cause of atmospheric pressure. -
Option B: revolution of earth
Incorrect. The Earth's revolution around the Sun does not affect atmospheric pressure directly. -
Option C: gravitational pull
Correct. Gravity holds the atmosphere around the Earth and causes the air to exert pressure on the surface. -
Option D: uneven heating of the earth
Incorrect. Uneven heating causes wind and pressure variations, but not atmospheric pressure itself.
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37. The southern tip of India is:
- Option : C
- Explanation :
The southernmost point of the Indian territory is Indira Point, located in the Nicobar Islands. It lies in the Great Nicobar Island and is the southern tip of India's landmass, including islands. It is situated further south than mainland locations like Cape Comorin.
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Option A: Cape Comorin
Incorrect. Cape Comorin, also known as Kanyakumari, is the southern tip of the Indian mainland, not the entire country. -
Option B: Point Calimere
Incorrect. Located in Tamil Nadu, but much farther north compared to other options. -
Option C: Indira Point in Nicobar Islands
Correct. This is the southernmost point of the Indian Union, located on Great Nicobar Island. -
Option D: Kovalam in Trivandrum
Incorrect. A coastal town in Kerala, well north of the southernmost point.
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38. In determining the Indian climate, major role played by Himalayas is/are:
- A
The east-west extension of the Great-Himalayas does not permit the summer monsoon to cross it and thus keeps its sojourn restricted to India
- B
The direct the summer monsoon towards the north-west
- C
During the winter they stop the southward penetration of the cold and dry polar air
- D
All of the above
- Option : D
- Explanation :
The Himalayas play a crucial role in shaping the Indian climate in several ways. Their east-west orientation blocks the northward movement of the summer monsoon, ensuring that most of the rainfall stays within the Indian subcontinent. They also direct the monsoon winds towards the northwest and act as a barrier preventing the cold polar winds from entering India during winter, thus keeping the region relatively warmer.
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Option A: The east-west extension of the Great-Himalayas does not permit the summer monsoon to cross it and thus keeps its sojourn restricted to India
Correct. The Himalayas block the monsoon from moving further north into Central Asia, causing it to unload moisture over India. -
Option B: They direct the summer monsoon towards the north-west
Correct. The orientation and height of the Himalayas help deflect the monsoon winds toward northwest India and the Indo-Gangetic plains. -
Option C: During the winter they stop the southward penetration of the cold and dry polar air
Correct. The Himalayas shield the Indian subcontinent from severe cold winds from Central Asia during winter. -
Option D: All of the above
Correct. All the above roles collectively explain how the Himalayas shape India’s climate.
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39. The rock material carried by a glacier is called
- Option : D
- Explanation :
The rock material carried and deposited by a glacier is called moraines. These are accumulations of soil and rock that are transported by glaciers and left behind as the glacier retreats. Moraines can form ridges along the glacier's path or at its terminus.
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Option A: alluvium
Incorrect. Alluvium refers to sediments deposited by rivers, not glaciers. -
Option B: meanders
Incorrect. Meanders are bends or curves in a river channel, unrelated to glacial activity. -
Option C: nodules
Incorrect. Nodules are small, rounded mineral deposits found in soil or on the ocean floor, not glacier-related. -
Option D: moraines
Correct. Moraines are the debris carried and deposited by glaciers.
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40. Krishna Raja Sagar Dam is built across the river:
- Option : A
- Explanation :
Krishna Raja Sagar (KRS) Dam is built across the Kaveri River in the Mandya district of Karnataka. It is a major source of irrigation and drinking water and is also famous for the Brindavan Gardens located nearby.
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Option A: Kaveri
Correct. The KRS Dam is constructed on the Kaveri River. -
Option B: Tungabhadra
Incorrect. The Tungabhadra Dam is built on the Tungabhadra River, not Kaveri. -
Option C: Krishna
Incorrect. Dams like Nagarjuna Sagar and Almatti are built on the Krishna River. -
Option D: Godavari
Incorrect. The Godavari River has other major dams, like the Jayakwadi and Polavaram, not the KRS Dam.
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