Logical Reasoning MCQ - Statement and Conclusion

26 Statements
All the students passed the examination.
Some students are girls.
Conclusions
I. Some boys passed the examination.
II. All the girls failed the examination.
III. None of the boys passed the examination.
IV. None of the girl students failed the examination.
Choices

The opposites of ‘passed’ and ‘girls’ are not ‘failed’ and ‘boys’. Failed and boys are not mentioned in the statements. So, no conclusion is valid.

27 Statement
Most of the Indian states existed before independence
Conclusions
I. Some Indian states existed before independence.
II. All Indian states did not exist before independence.
Choices

The logical form of ‘Most of Indian states existed before independence’ is ‘Some Indian states existed before independence’. It is same as conclusion I. Statement and conclusion cannot be the same. Conclusion II is also not implied. So, (d) is the answer.

28 Proposition
No teacher is on time for the class.
Conclusions
I. No persons who are on time for their classes are teachers.
II. Some teachers are not late for their classes.
III. Most teachers come to their classes on time.
IV. Few teachers come on time for their classes.

After converting statement I, we can say that ‘a’ is true. ‘On time’ does not mean ‘not late’ in case of propositions. Thus, options (c) and (d) also not converse of (a).

29 Statement
Necessity is the mother of all inventions.
Conclusions
I. There can be no invention without there being a mother.
II. Mother is a necessity.
Choices

The contextual meaning and logical meanings are different for both the terms. So, option (d) is the answer.

30 Statement
Most teachers are hardworking.
Conclusions
I. Some teachers are hardworking.
II. Some teachers are not hardworking.
Choices

‘Most teachers are hardworking’ is ‘Some teachers are hardworking’ in its logical form. Both statement and conclusion cannot be the same. So conclusion I is not implied. However, conclusion II ‘Some teachers are not hardworking’ is complimentary of I, so only II is implied. Thus, option (b) is the answer.