Communication - Communication - Section 1

Listening to a lecture is information listening because the primary goal is to receive and understand the speaker’s message or content. The listener focuses on absorbing facts, data, or explanations without judgment or emotional involvement. It is the most common type of listening in academic and professional contexts.

Option A: Information Listening
Correct. It involves attentive listening to gain knowledge or understand content, typically used during lectures, presentations, and briefings.

Option B: Evaluative Listening
Incorrect. This involves judging or analyzing the message, which isn’t the main purpose during a lecture.

Option C: Emphatic Listening
Incorrect. Emphatic listening is used to understand and share the speaker's emotions, not commonly applied in lectures.

Option D: None of these
Incorrect. One of the options is correct, so this cannot be the right choice.

Selecting a teacher requires more than just reviewing credentials. The chairman must be fair and impartial, judge personality traits like communication skills and patience, and maintain an encouraging environment to bring out the candidate’s best.

• Option A: fair and impartial
  Important for unbiased decision-making and integrity of the selection process.

• Option B: able to judge the personality of candidates
  A teacher's personality impacts classroom interaction, so assessing this is essential.

• Option C: encouraging to those appearing for interview
  Encouragement helps reduce nervousness and brings out true capabilities.

• Option D: All of these
  Correct. All qualities are necessary for a well-rounded, effective selection process.

According to Kolb’s experiential learning cycle, the proper order is: Diverging → Assimilation → Converging → Accommodation.

• Option A: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv)
  Incorrect. The sequence doesn't follow Kolb’s model.

• Option B: (iv), (iii), (ii), (i)
  Correct. Diverging (feeling + watching), Assimilation (watching + thinking), Converging (thinking + doing), Accommodation (doing + feeling).

• Option C: (ii), (iii), (iv), (i)
  Incorrect sequence per experiential learning theory.

• Option D: (iii), (i), (ii), (iv)
  Incorrect. The phases are out of Kolb's order.

Listening can be significantly hampered by several factors simultaneously. These include message overload, where too much information overwhelms the listener; high speaking speed, which makes it difficult to process the content; and hearing loss, a physiological issue that directly affects auditory perception. Therefore, all the mentioned factors contribute to poor listening.

Option A: Message overload – excess of listened material
Incorrect individually – While this can hinder comprehension due to the cognitive load, it is only one aspect of the broader issue.

Option B: High speed of speaking
Incorrect individually – It can reduce understanding, especially if the listener cannot keep pace, but it alone doesn’t cover all possible issues.

Option C: A sizable hearing loss – physiological problem
Incorrect individually – This is a physical barrier, but not the sole reason for poor listening.

Option D: All of the above
Correct – All three factors together comprehensively explain why listening may be negatively affected.