Explanation : Risk acceptance is similar to self-insurance. An entity choosing to selfinsure may set up a reserve fund to cover losses. Buying insurance is a
form of risk transfer and using derivatives is a form of risk-shifting, not
risk acceptance.
Explanation : Among the risk-modification methods of risk avoidance, risk acceptance,
risk transfer, and risk shifting none has a clear advantage. One must
weigh benefits and costs in light of the firm’s risk tolerance when choosing
the method to use.
Statement 1: Standard deviation measures how different an actual investment outcome could be from what the investor expects.
Statement 2: Duration measures the sensitivity of a security or portfolio to a change in market interest rates.
Statement 3: Vega measures the sensitivity of a security (either a derivative or a security with derivative-like characteristics) to a change in the price volatility of the underlying asset.
Explanation : All the statements are correct. Standard deviation measures how different
an actual investment outcome could be from what the investor expects.
While, duration measures the sensitivity of a security or portfolio to a
change in market interest rates and vega measures the sensitivity of a
security (either a derivative or a security with derivative-like
characteristics) to a change in the price volatility of the underlying asset.
Explanation : A successful risk budget portfolio is the one which leads to investment in
assets with highest return per unit of risk. It is not necessarily based on
multiple sources of risk.