Artificial Intelligence - Approaches to Artificial Intelligence

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21. The CLOSED list used by a search algorithm contains node-pairs as a list of two nodes (child, parent). Starting from the start node S represented by the list (S, nil), the algorithm fins the goal node G in the node-pair (G, Q). The algorithm then calls ReconstructPath before termination. If the CLOSED list is as given below:
CLOED = ((R,M), (Q,L), (P,K), (T,O), (O,J), (N,J), (K,F), (L,H), (M,H), (J,D), (I,D), (E,B), (F,C), (H,C), (A,), (D,B), (B,S), (C,S)).
What is the path found by the search algorithm?

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22. Which of the following is complete in a finite search space?

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23. Figure 3.1 shows an 8 puzzle problem with the state and the goal state. The heuristic function h1(N) counts the number of tiles (from 1 to 8) that are out of place, now the heuristic value of the start state is:

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24. For the above problem, the heuristic function h2(N) returns the sum of the Manhattan distances of tiles that are out of place, now the heuristic value of the start state is

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25. Given the start state in the above problem, which move from the set {R, L, U} could be chosen by the Hill Climbing algorithm using the heuristic function h1

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