System Software and Operating System - File and Input/Output System
- Option : A
- Explanation : n this case 500 accesses are sufficient to transfer 1000 records.
∴ Elapsed time=(Time taken to transfer Z records in one acess +Processing time of two records) x 500
= [(10 + 4 + 4) + 3 + 3] x 500m sec
= 12 sec.
28. A file organization component of a VSAM file is
- Option : D
- Explanation : VSAM stands for Virtual Storage Access Method. VSAM is a file storage access method used in MVS, ZOS and OS/390 operating systems. It was introduced by IBM in 1970's. It is a high performance access method used to organize data in form of files in Mainframes.
VSAM is used by COBOL and CICS in Mainframes to store and retrieve data. VSAM makes it easier for application programs to execute an input-output operation.
VSAM comprises four data set organizations: Key Sequenced Data Set (KSDS), Relative Record Data Set (RRDS), Entry Sequenced Data Set (ESDS) and Linear Data Set (LDS). The KSDS, RRDS and ESDS organizations contain records, while the LDS organization simply contains a sequence of pages with no intrinsic record structure, for use as a memory-mapped file.
VSAM records can be of fixed or variable length. They are organised in fixed-size blocks called Control Intervals (CIs), and then into larger divisions called Control Areas (CAs). Control Interval sizes are measured in bytes — for example 4 kilobytes — while Control Area sizes are measured in disk tracks or cylinders. Control Intervals are the units of transfer between disk and computer so a read request will read one complete Control Interval. Control Areas are the units of allocation so, when a VSAM data set is defined, an integral number of Control Areas will be allocated.
