UGC NET COMMERCE November 2017(Paper-II) Q37
- A
That conflict occurs when the tendency of industrial society is to treat worker as an isolated individual and deprive him of all control over his environment.
- B
That an enterprise contains people with coalition of different interests.
- C
That industrial conflict is a part of the broader social conflict between classes.
- D
That no consensus is possible, in case of conflicts, because people are with different socio-cultural backgrounds.
- Option : B
- Explanation : Experts views on pluralist theory:
1. According to Alan Fox, the pluralistic ideology accepts that an enterprise contains people with different interests, aims and aspirations. It is, therefore, a coalition of different interests rather than the embodiment of one common goal.
2. Sir David Ross has viewed an organization as a plural. Society contains many related but separate interests and objectives which must be maintained in some kind of equilibrium.
3. N.L. Kerr is one of the important exponents of pluralism. He states that social environment is an important factor in industrial conflicts. The isolated groups of workers are more strike-prone as compared to integrated groups. When industrial jobs become more satisfying and when employees get integrated with the wider society, strikes become less frequent.
4. According to H.A. Clegg, pluralism does not imply the inevitability of a compromise in all situations. He accepts that the aim of pluralism is to combine social stability with adaptability and freedom. He states that on most of the occasions, conflicts are resolved by compromises. He further states that associations of governments would prefer to make a further concession rather than take the chance of destroying the social order.
5. The Donovan Commission (Royal Commission on Trade Unions and Employer’s Association 1965-68) has expressed thus: The running of large business is in the hands of professional managers. While in the long term, shareholders, employees and customers all stand to benefit if a concern flourishes, the immediate interests of these groups often conflict. Directors and managers have to balance these conflicting interests and in practice, they generally seek to strike whatever balance will best promote the welfare of the enterprises as such. This is one of the good examples on pluralist approach on industrial relations.
