Explanation : A penetration pricing policy involves setting
prices of products relatively low compared to
those of similar products in the hope that they
will secure wide market acceptance, which
will allow the company to raise the prices at
a later date. Such a policy if often adopted
when the firm expects competition from similar
products within a short time and when largescale
production and marketing will produce
substantial reductions in overall costs. The
low price is adopted with the aim of keeping
out the competition and it is essential that the
company should maintain its low-price
position since the market is highly price
sensitive. Production and distribution costs
are expected to fall as sales volumes increase.
A penetration pricing policy is appropriate
when demand is elastic. The marketers
obtained as many customers as possible
through a low price and established a position
for their product in the market.