Explanation : Job Specification: Job specification or
employee specification is a statement which
answers the question, “What human qualities
and traits are necessary to do the job well?”
It is a written record of the physical, mental,
social, psychological, and behavioural
characteristics which a person should possess
in order to perform the job effectively. In
contrast to the job description it is a standard
of personnel and designates the qualities
required for acceptable performance. A job
description is a profile of the job. A job
specification, on the other hand, describes
what the job demands of the employee and
the human skills that are required. It is a
profile of the human characteristics needed
by the person performing the job. It is a
statement of essential and desirable attributes,
which a person must possess. It contains
information in terms of education, experience,
training, judgement, initiative, physical effort,
physical skills, communication skills and
emotional characteristics.
The job specification is a major tool in the
staffing process. It is also helpful in training
and appraisal of employees. It is also useful
in testing, interviewing and checking of
reference.