5Dec19 FS Q44
0. Identify the communication which is valid as documentary evidence from the following :
- Option : A
- Explanation : Gesturalandnon-verbalcommunicationinclude signals and cues without the use of words. Verbal communication includes the spoken (oral) and written words. Written communication is a formal method of communication and is inflexible. As per Chapter VI of Indian Evidence Act, 1872 deals with exclusion of oral evidence by documentary evidence. Oral verbal evidence of a witness can be considered doubtful if it is in contradiction with the previous statement Documents once put into writing are considered to be the best evidence. The very object for which writing is used is to perpetuate the memory of what is written down, and so to furnish permanent proof of it Section 62 of the Evidence Act makes it clear that primary evidence is the document itself. A "document', as defined in Section 3 of the Act, is any matter which is expressed or described on any substance by means of letters, figures or remarks or by more than one means and which can be used for recording the matter.
