Explanation : A categorical proposition asserts a relation
of inclusion or exclusion, complete or
partial, between two classes (collection
of all objects which have some specified
characteristic in common)
While the quantity of a categorical
proposition is determined by whether
or not it refers to all members of its
subject class (i.e., the proposition is
either universal or particular in quantity);
the quality is determined by whether the
asserted class relation is one of inclusion
or exclusion (i.e., the proposition is
either affirmative or negative in quality-
ARE or ARE NOT)
The four statements are: A, E, I, and 0
1. A-universal affirmative: All S is P.
2. E-universal negative: No S is P.
3. I-particular affirmative: Some S is P.
4. O-particular negative: Some S is not P.