Manag., January-2017-Q6 Multiple Choice Questions

Option : C
Explanation : According to Henri Fayol, every organisation requires management. Managers, according to him, need certain qualities, knowledge and experience. These include physical qualities (health, vigour and behaviour), mental qualities (ability to understand and learn, judgement and adaptability), moral qualities (willingness to accept responsibility, loyalty and dignity), general education (general acquaintance with matters not belonging exclusively to the function performed), special knowledge (functional expertise) and experience (knowledge arising from work). Fayol enunciated 14 classic principles of management that include division of work, authority, discipline, unity of command, unity of direction, subordination of individual interests to the general interest, remuneration, centralisation, scalar chain (line of authority), order, equity, stability of tenure, initiative and esprit de corps. Based on this, he also postulated the ‘elements’ of management that include planning, organising, staffing, coordinating, commanding and controlling.