Explanation : Let the number 'k' is cube of number x and square of number (x + y).
Then, k = x3 ... (i)
k = (x + y)2 ... (ii)
Here, 1 ≤ (x,y) < k/2
From (i) and (ii),
x3 = (x + y)2
x3 = x2 + y2 + 2xy
x3 - x2 = y2 + 2xy
x2(x-1) = y(y + 2x)
For x = 2, 22(2 - 1) = y(y + 4)
This is not valid for any integer value of y.
For x = 3, 32(3 - 1) = y(y+ 6)
18 = y(y+ 6)
This is not valid for any integer value of y.
For x = 4, 42(4 - 1) = y(y + 8)
48 = y(y + 8)
48 = 4(4 + 8) = 48
Thus x = 4,and y = 4
Hence, Number k = (x)3 = (4)3 = 64.