Data Structures - Algorithms

11:  
Which of the following algorithms solves the all-pair shortest path problem?
 
A.

 Dijkstra's algorithm

B.

Floyd's algorithm

C.

Prim's algorithm

D.

 Warshall's algorithm

 
 

Option: B

Explanation :

Dijkstra's algorithm solves single source shortest path problem. Warshall's algorithm finds transitive closure of a given graph. Prim's algorithm constructs a minimum cost spanning tree for a given weighted graph.

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12:  
For merging two sorted lists of sizes m and n into a sorted list of size m + n, we require comparisons of
 
A.

 

O(m)
 
B.

 O(n)

C.

O(m+n)

D.

O(log(m) + log(n))

 
 

Option: C

Explanation :
Each comparison will append one item to the existing merge list. In the worst case one needs m + n - 1 comparisons which is of order m+n.

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13:   Unrestricted use of goto is harmful, because it
A.

makes debugging difficult.

B.

increases the running time of programs

C.

 

increases memory requirement of programs
 
D.

 results in the compiler generating longer machine code

 
 

Option: A

Explanation :

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14:  

Which of the following algorithm design technique is used in the quick sort algorithm?

A.

 

Dynamic programming 
B.

 

 Backtracking
 
C.

 Divide and conquer

D.

Greedy method

 
 

Option: C

Explanation :

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15:  

Which one of the following statements is false?

A.
Optimal binary search tree construction can be performed efficiently using dynamic programmmg.
 
B.
Breadth-first search cannot be used to find connected components of a graph.
 
C.
Given the prefix and postfix walks of a binary tree, the binary tree cannot be uniquely reconstructed.
 
D.

Both (b) and (c)

 
 

Option: D

Explanation :

Here option (B) is also false because BFS and DFS both algorithm are used to find connected component. For example: In BFS, a search that begins at some particular vertex 'v' will find the entire connected component containing v (and no more) before returning. To find all the connected components of a graph, loop through its vertices, starting a new breadth first  search whenever the loop reaches a vertex that has not already been included in a previously found connected component. For example:If we do the breadth first traversal of the above graph and print the visited node as the output, it will print the following output. “A B C D E F”. The BFS visits the nodes level by level, so it will start with level 0 which is the root node, and then it moves to the next levels which are B, C and D, then the last levels which are E and F.       
               In BFS, a search that begins at some particular vertex v will find the entire connected component containing v (and no more) before returning. To find all the connected components of a graph, loop through its vertices, starting a new breadth first  search whenever the loop reaches a vertex that has not already been included in a previously found connected component.  so ans is both 'A' and 'C'
 
Tree

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